CVE-2023-29017

vm2 Sandbox Escape vulnerability

CVSS 3.1 Critical 10.0

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Description

vm2 is a sandbox that can run untrusted code with whitelisted Node's built-in modules. Prior to version 3.9.15, vm2 was not properly handling host objects passed to `Error.prepareStackTrace` in case of unhandled async errors. A threat actor could bypass the sandbox protections to gain remote code execution rights on the host running the sandbox. This vulnerability was patched in the release of version 3.9.15 of vm2. There are no known workarounds.

Key data

CVSS 3.1 Critical 10.0

Score published by GitHub_M in the CVE record.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack vector: Network
The vulnerable component can be reached over a network, possibly from the Internet.
Attack complexity: Low
No special conditions are needed. The attack can be repeated at will.
Privileges required: None
No account or privileges are needed.
User interaction: None
No action from any user is needed.
Scope: Changed
The impact can reach other components beyond the vulnerable one.
Confidentiality impact: High
Serious or total effect on the secrecy of data.
Integrity impact: High
Serious or total effect on the trustworthiness of data.
Availability impact: High
Serious or total effect on availability.

Metric	Value	What it means
Attack vector	Network	The vulnerable component can be reached over a network, possibly from the Internet.
Attack complexity	Low	No special conditions are needed. The attack can be repeated at will.
Privileges required	None	No account or privileges are needed.
User interaction	None	No action from any user is needed.
Scope	Changed	The impact can reach other components beyond the vulnerable one.
Confidentiality impact	High	Serious or total effect on the secrecy of data.
Integrity impact	High	Serious or total effect on the trustworthiness of data.
Availability impact	High	Serious or total effect on availability.

CVSS is owned and managed by FIRST.Org, Inc. (FIRST) and is used by permission. Each CVSS score on this site is shown together with its vector string, as published in the CVE record by the source named next to it. Learn more at first.org/cvss.

EPSS

Exploit Prediction Scoring System by FIRST: an estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days.

Score: 0.63186 (63.2% probability)
Percentile: 99.2%
Scores of: Nov 10, 2026
Model: v2026.06.15

CISA assessment as of Feb 10, 2025

Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC) decision points added by CISA.

Exploitation: Public proof of concept recorded by CISA
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total

Weakness (CWE)

CWE catalog version 5.0.

CWE-913Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources

Affected products

Products listed in the CVE record, as the CNA published them.

patriksimek vm2
- affected: < 3.9.15

References

Links listed in the CVE record. They lead to other sites, which CubePath does not control.

Timeline

ID reservedMar 29, 2023
Record publishedApr 6, 2023
Record last updatedFeb 10, 2025

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About CubePath

CubePath is a cloud provider with data centers in Europe and the United States. It offers VPS, bare metal servers and DDoS protection.

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Data from the CVE Program (MITRE), CISA KEV and FIRST EPSS. CVSS is owned by FIRST and used by permission. Not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE, CISA or FIRST. Data as of Nov 10, 2026, 19:50 UTC. Sources and licenses